Preparing for Post Graduate Teacher (PGT) Biology requires a clear understanding of the syllabus and exam pattern. The PGT Biology syllabus not only evaluates subject expertise but also tests general awareness, reasoning, teaching aptitude, and computer knowledge.
Whether you are appearing for UP PGT Biology or KVS PGT Biology, knowing the PGT syllabus Biology in detail is essential. In this guide, we provide the UP PGT syllabus Biology, syllabus for PGT Biology KVS, unit-wise topics, and exam structure.
📌 Exam Pattern – PGT Biology (UP & KVS)
Both UP PGT Biology syllabus and KVS PGT Biology syllabus include two parts:
- General Sections – 70 Marks
- General English & Hindi
- General Knowledge & Current Affairs
- Reasoning Ability
- Computer Literacy
- Pedagogy (Teaching Aptitude, Educational Psychology, Evaluation)
- Subject Concerned (Biology) – 80 Marks
- Core life science topics from graduate & postgraduate levels
👉 The Biology subject section has the highest weightage.
📝 Detailed PGT Biology Syllabus
The syllabus for PGT Biology KVS and UP PGT Biology syllabus are broadly similar, covering undergraduate and postgraduate life science topics.
🔹 Cell Biology & Molecular Biology
- Structure & function of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
- Plasma membrane – transport, permeability, pumps
- Cell organelles: mitochondria, ribosomes, ER, Golgi, lysosomes, chloroplasts
- Cell cycle & regulation (mitosis, meiosis, checkpoints)
- Nucleic acids: DNA & RNA – replication, transcription, translation
- Operon models and gene regulation
- Cell signaling pathways & cancer biology
🔹 Genetics & Evolution
- Mendelian inheritance & extensions
- Chromosomal theory of inheritance, linkage & crossing over
- Genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations
- Population genetics & Hardy-Weinberg law
- Human genetics – disorders & pedigree analysis
- Molecular basis of evolution
- Theories: Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism, Modern Evolutionary Synthesis
- Speciation, adaptive radiation, fossils & geological time scale
🔹 Plant Sciences (Botany)
- Plant classification & diversity (Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms)
- Morphology and anatomy of plants
- Photosynthesis (light reaction, Calvin cycle, C3, C4, CAM pathways)
- Respiration (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation)
- Water relations & mineral transport
- Plant hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ABA, ethylene)
- Secondary metabolites & their roles
🔹 Animal Sciences (Zoology & Physiology)
- Human physiology: digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, nervous, endocrine, reproductive systems
- Muscle structure & physiology
- Comparative anatomy & physiology of animals
- Animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous)
- Gametogenesis, fertilization, embryogenesis
- Developmental biology – morphogenesis, regeneration, metamorphosis
🔹 Ecology & Environmental Biology
- Ecosystems: types, energy flow, food chains & pyramids
- Biogeochemical cycles (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, water cycles)
- Population dynamics, ecological succession
- Biodiversity conservation strategies
- Pollution: air, water, soil, noise, and global environmental changes
- Climate change, greenhouse gases, sustainable development
🔹 Microbiology & Biotechnology
- Viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa – classification & role
- Microbial nutrition, growth & reproduction
- Immunology – innate & adaptive immunity, antigens, antibodies, vaccines
- Genetic engineering – cloning, PCR, DNA fingerprinting, GMOs
- Applications of biotechnology in medicine, agriculture & environment
🔹 Biochemistry
- Structure & function of biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
- Enzyme kinetics & inhibition
- Metabolic pathways – glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
- Nitrogen metabolism & photosynthetic pathways
🔹 Pedagogy of Biology (PGT Requirement)
- History of Biology and major contributions of scientists
- Teaching-learning methods in Biology (lab, ICT, project-based)
- Lesson planning & Bloom’s taxonomy
- Assessment methods – formative & summative
- Environmental awareness and integration in Biology teaching
📊 PGT Biology Syllabus – Unit-Wise Weightage
| Unit | Topics Covered | Weightage (Approx.) |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Biology & Molecular Biology | Organelles, cell cycle, DNA/RNA, gene regulation | 10–12 Marks |
| Genetics & Evolution | Inheritance, mutations, human genetics, speciation | 10–12 Marks |
| Plant Sciences (Botany) | Photosynthesis, respiration, hormones, diversity | 8–10 Marks |
| Animal Sciences (Zoology) | Human physiology, reproduction, development | 8–10 Marks |
| Ecology & Environment | Ecosystem, biodiversity, pollution, climate | 8–10 Marks |
| Microbiology & Biotechnology | Microbes, rDNA, immunology | 8–9 Marks |
| Biochemistry | Biomolecules, metabolism, enzymes | 6–8 Marks |
| Pedagogy | Teaching methods, evaluation | 8–10 Marks |
✅ Final Thoughts
The PGT Biology syllabus (whether UP PGT Biology syllabus or syllabus for PGT Biology KVS) is vast and requires thorough preparation. To succeed:
- Focus on Cell Biology, Genetics, Physiology, and Ecology since they carry more marks.
- Revise Pedagogy because teaching aptitude plays an important role.
- Solve previous year question papers for both UP and KVS PGT exams to identify important topics.
By mastering the PGT syllabus Biology, candidates can improve their chances of cracking both UP PGT Biology and KVS PGT Biology exams.
